Pifò erè moun ki pale kreyòl ayisyen fè an angle pa rive pa aza : yo soti dirèkteman nan fason kreyòl la mache. Lè ou konprann ki kote erè a soti, li vin pi fasil pou ou sispann fè l.
1. Pliryèl la : yo apre non an, pa -s
Kreyòl la mete pliryèl la ak yo apre non an (timoun yo, liv yo), e li pa mete okenn mak sou non an apre yon chif (twa liv, senk timoun). Angle mete -s sou non an, e li mande l apre yon chif tou.
❌ I have three book. / My friend are here. (pou « zanmi m yo ») ✅ I have three books. / My friends are here.
Se non an ki pran -s la, epi vèb la dakò ak pliryèl la (are, have). Anpil non gen pliryèl iregilye, ou dwe aprann yo pou kont yo :
❌ two childs / many peoples ✅ two children / many people
Lòt egzanp : man → men, woman → women, foot → feet, tooth → teeth.
2. Vèb to be ki manke devan yon adjektif oswa yon kote
Kreyòl la pa mete okenn vèb devan yon adjektif oswa yon kote : Li gran, Mwen kontan, Li nan kizin nan. Angle toujou mande vèb to be nan fraz sa yo.
❌ He tall. / I happy. / She in the kitchen. / They tired. ✅ He is tall. / I am happy. / She is in the kitchen. / They are tired.
Kreyòl la gen yon vèb pou idantite (se : Li se pwofesè), men li pa mande atik la. Angle mande tou de : vèb la ak a / an.
❌ He is teacher. / She is engineer. ✅ He is a teacher. / She is an engineer.
3. Vèb la pa chanje : pa gen -s, pa gen -ed
Kreyòl la pa konjige vèb : mwen manje, li manje, yo manje — se menm fòm nan. Tan an soti nan kontèks la oswa nan ti mo tankou te ak ap. Angle chanje vèb la menm.
❌ She work in a bank. / My brother live in Miami. ✅ She works in a bank. / My brother lives in Miami.
Ak he, she ak it nan prezan an, vèb la pran -s. Pou pase a, yon mo tankou yesterday pa sifi : se vèb la ki dwe chanje.
❌ Yesterday I go to the market. / Last year he come to Boston. ✅ Yesterday I went to the market. / Last year he came to Boston.
Vèb regilye pran -ed (worked, lived), vèb iregilye gen yon lòt fòm (go → went, come → came, eat → ate) ou dwe konnen.
4. Depi ak prezan an olye de present perfect
An kreyòl, pou sa ki te kòmanse nan tan pase e ki toujou ap kontinye, ou sèvi ak prezan an ak depi : Mwen rete isit la depi senk an. Angle mande present perfect.
❌ I live here since five years. ✅ I**'ve lived** here for five years.
❌ She studies English since 2019. ✅ She**'s studied** English since 2019.
For ale ak yon dire (for five years) ; since ale ak yon pwen depa (since 2019). Tou de mande present perfect, pa janm present simple. E de sa nan « twa zan de sa » vle di ago an angle, mete apre dire a : I met her three years ago.
5. Posesif la : kay mwen tounen my house
Kreyòl la mete posesè a apre sa ki posede a : kay mwen, kay Jan, machin zanmi m. Angle mete l devan.
❌ The house my is big. / I like house John. / This is car friend my. ✅ My house is big. / I like John's house. / This is my friend's car.
Pou yon pwonon, ou sèvi ak my, your, his, her, our, their devan non an. Pou yon moun ki gen non, ou ajoute 's sou non moun nan. Menm bagay ak adjektif yo : kreyòl la di kay wouj, men angle mete adjektif la devan non an.
❌ a house red / a dress beautiful ✅ a red house / a beautiful dress
6. Fraz negatif ak kesyon : do / does / did
Kreyòl la fè negatif la ak pa devan vèb la (Mwen pa renmen kafe), epi li fè kesyon an ak entonasyon oswa ak eske, san li pa chanje lòd mo yo (Ou renmen kafe ?, Kote ou rete ?). Angle mande yon òksilyè — do / does / did.
❌ I no like coffee. / He not speak French. ✅ I don't like coffee. / He doesn't speak French.
❌ You like coffee? / Where you live? / Why she is late? ✅ Do you like coffee? / Where do you live? / Why is she late?
Si ou panse a eske, itilize do / does nan menm plas la : Eske ou renmen kafe ? = Do you like coffee? Epi chonje : apre do, vèb prensipal la rete nan fòm debaz li : Does he speak…?, pa janm Does he speaks. Ak vèb to be, se vèb la ki pase devan sijè a : Why is she late?
7. Doub negatif : pa … pesonn / anyen / janm
Kreyòl la mete plizyè mo negatif nan menm fraz la : Mwen pa wè pesonn, Li pa janm vini, Pa gen anyen. Angle estanda pa pèmèt sa : yon sèl negatif nan yon fraz.
❌ I don't see nobody. / He doesn't never come. / There isn't nothing. ✅ I don't see anybody. / I see nobody. / He never comes. / There isn't anything. / There is nothing.
Règ la : apre not, ou sèvi ak mo any- (anybody, anything, ever) ; oswa ou kite not epi ou sèvi ak mo no- (nobody, nothing, never). Pa janm tou de ansanm.
8. Gen pou tout bagay : have, there is, laj
Kreyòl la sèvi ak menm vèb gen (oswa genyen) pou posede (Mwen gen yon frè), pou egzistans (Gen yon liv sou tab la) ak pou laj (Mwen gen vennan). Angle gen twa estrikti diferan.
❌ Have a book on the table. / In my city have many cars. ✅ There is a book on the table. / In my city there are many cars.
❌ I have 20 years. ✅ I**'m** 20. / I**'m** 20 years old.
Have ale ak posesyon sèlman (I have a brother). Pou egzistans, ou di there is (yon bagay) oswa there are (plizyè bagay). Pou laj, ou di be.
9. Li pou tout bagay : he, she, it ; yo : they, them
Kreyòl la gen yon sèl pwonon pou twazyèm moun sengilye : li. Li vle di he, she ak it, e li rete menm jan kit se sijè kit se konplemen. Menm bagay ak yo (they ak them). Angle fè distenksyon, epi li gen it pou bagay yo.
❌ My sister is a nurse. He works at the hospital. / I bought a car. He is red. ✅ My sister is a nurse. She works at the hospital. / I bought a car. It is red.
❌ I saw he yesterday. / Give the book to they. ✅ I saw him yesterday. / Give the book to them.
Fòm nan chanje selon wòl pwonon an : he → him, she → her, they → them, I → me, we → us.
Gade sa tout erè sa yo genyen an komen — okenn nan yo pa yon mank nan angle ou. Chak yon se yon règ kreyòl ou aplike byen, men sou move lang lan. Se bon nouvèl la : ou pa bezwen nouvo konesans, ou jis bezwen wè kote de sistèm yo separe.
Kèk lòt pou verifye
Mo ki twonpe ou. Yon mo kreyòl ka gen plizyè sans an angle, oswa yon sèl mo angle pa kouvri tout sa mo kreyòl la kouvri.
| Kreyòl | Tradiksyon mo pou mo (erè) | Angle kòrèk |
|---|---|---|
| Mwen rete Okap. | ❌ I stay in Cap-Haïtien. | ✅ I live in Cap-Haïtien. (stay = rete pou yon ti tan, nan yon otèl pa egzanp) |
| Li toujou nan kabann. | ❌ He is always in bed. (pou « li poko leve ») | ✅ He is still in bed. |
| Mwen fè yon erè. / Mwen fè devwa m. | ❌ I did a mistake. / I make my homework. | ✅ I made a mistake. / I do my homework. |
| Mwen gade televizyon. | ❌ I look television. | ✅ I watch television. |
| Kite m pase. | ❌ Leave me pass. | ✅ Let me pass. |
Konparatif yo. Kreyòl la di pi gran, pi bon, pi bèl. An angle, mo kout pran -er epi mo long pran more, e good gen yon fòm apa. ❌ more tall, more good → ✅ taller, better, more beautiful.
Lèt majiskil. Kreyòl la ekri non lang yo, jou yo ak mwa yo ak lèt miniskil (angle, lendi, janvye). Angle mete yon lèt majiskil. ❌ I speak english and study on monday. → ✅ I speak English and study on Monday.
Pwononsyasyon. Kreyòl la pa gen son th : think vin tink oswa sink, this vin dis oswa zis. Longè vwayèl pa chanje sans yon mo an kreyòl, kidonk ship ak sheep, oswa full ak fool, ka parèt menm bagay. Epi -ed nan fen mo pa toujou pwononse l kòm yon silab : worked sanble ak workt. Sa yo se erè pwononsyasyon, se pa erè gramè, men yo remake menm jan.
Yon menm mesaj, avan ak apre
Avan : Hello! I from Haiti. I live in Boston since two years. My sister, he work in a hospital. Yesterday I go to the shop and I don't see nobody.
Apre : Hello! I am from Haiti. I**'ve lived** in Boston for two years. My sister works in a hospital. Yesterday I went to the shop and I didn't see anybody.
Sis erè nan kat liy — e okenn nan yo pa anpeche konpreyansyon, se egzakteman poukisa pesonn pa korije yo poukont li.
Teste sa ou fèk li a
Tès ki anba a verifye nèf modèl yo ak nouvo fraz.