Past Continuous: त्यतिबेला के चलिरहेको थियो
Was र were सँग -ing: दृश्य तय गर्ने काल, र यसले past simple सँग मिलेर कथा कसरी सुनाउँछ।
Past simple ले के भयो भन्ने बताउँछ। Past continuous ले त्यो हुँदा पहिल्यै के चलिरहेको थियो भन्ने बताउँछ। नेपालीमा 'खाँदै थिएँ', 'पढ्दै थिए' जस्ता रूपले यही काम गर्छन्।
- I was cooking when the phone rang.
दुई घटना, दुई काल, र यो छनोट सजावट होइन: दुवै बदल्नुभयो भने अर्थ बदलिन्छ।
रूप
was / were + क्रिया**-ing**
| कर्ता | रूप |
|---|---|
| I, he, she, it | was working |
| you, we, they | were working |
नकारात्मक: I wasn't listening. · They weren't waiting. प्रश्न: Were you sleeping? · What was she doing?
-ing व्यक्तिअनुसार कहिल्यै बदलिँदैन — सारा काम was वा were ले गर्छन्।
पृष्ठभूमि र बीचमा आउने घटना
यो सबैभन्दा मायने राख्ने ढाँचा हो, र यो हरेक परीक्षामा देखिन्छ।
लामो चलिरहने क्रियाले past continuous लिन्छ। त्यसको बीचमा आउने छोटो क्रियाले past simple लिन्छ।
- I was walking home when it started to rain.
- She was reading when the lights went out.
When ले प्रायः छोटो क्रिया सुरु गर्छ; while ले प्रायः लामो क्रिया सुरु गर्छ:
- When the lights went out, I was reading.
- While I was reading, the lights went out.
दुवै वाक्य उही साँझबारे हुन्। केवल जोड बदलिन्छ।
छनोटले अर्थ किन बदल्छ
- When she arrived, I made dinner. — ऊ आइपुगी, त्यसपछि मैले खाना बनाउन थालेँ।
- When she arrived, I was making dinner. — खाना बनाउने काम पहिल्यै चलिरहेको थियो।
पहिलो एउटा क्रम हो। दोस्रो एउटा दृश्य हो। यसमा गल्ती गर्नु सानो चूक होइन — यसले सुन्नेलाई गलत कथा बताउँछ।
दुई कुरा एकैसाथ भइरहेको
दुवै क्रिया past continuous मा जान्छन्, सामान्यतया while ले जोडिएका:
- I was cooking while he was setting the table.
दृश्य तय गर्ने
कथा प्रायः past continuous बाट सुरु हुन्छ, त्यसपछि कुराहरू हुन थालेपछि past simple मा बदलिन्छ।
It was raining. The wind was blowing through the empty street and nobody was waiting at the stop. Then a car pulled up and a man got out.
पहिलो तीन क्रियाले दृश्य बनाउँछन्; अन्तिम दुईले कथालाई अगाडि बढाउँछन्। यही बदलावले कुनै कथा लाई कथा जस्तो महसुस गराउँछ।
-ing रूप नलिने क्रिया
केही क्रियाले कामको सट्टा अवस्था बताउँछन्, र अवस्था "चलिरहेको" हुँदैन:
know, understand, like, love, hate, want, need, believe, belong, seem
- ❌ I was knowing the answer.
- ✅ I knew the answer.
Have दुवैतिर छ: I had a car (अवस्था, -ing बिना) तर I was having lunch (क्रिया, ठीक छ)।
कुराकानीमा
छुटेको कलबारे बताउने
A: I rang you twice yesterday.
B: Sorry — I was driving. What were you calling about?
A: I was trying to find the address. I asked Sam in the end.
B: Ah. I was sitting in traffic for an hour, so I missed everything.
Was driving, were calling र was sitting ले सबैले त्यतिबेला के चलिरहेको थियो भन्ने बताउँछन्; rang र asked घटना हुन्।
आफैँ अभ्यास गर्नुहोस्
तलको क्विज when/while को बाँडफाँडमा र -ing अस्वीकार्ने अवस्थाका क्रियामा केन्द्रित छ।