Ki ka konte ak ki pa ka konte : some, any, much, many
Sa ou ka konte, sa ou pa ka konte, ki mo kantite ki ale ak chak gwoup — ak règ some/any nan kesyon ak nan fraz negatif.
Angle separe non yo an de gwoup, e se de gwoup sa a ki deside ki mo kantite ou chwazi. Se youn nan erè ki pi sele nan nivo A2.
Ki ka konte ak ki pa ka konte
Ki ka konte — ou ka konte l, li gen yon pliryèl : a book / two books · an apple / three apples · a chair / chairs
Ki pa ka konte — pa gen pliryèl, pa gen a/an : water, bread, rice, money, time, music, information, advice, luggage, work, homework, furniture
❌ I need an information. → ✅ I need some information. ❌ She gave me three advices. → ✅ She gave me some advice.
Pou yon moun ki pale kreyòl, pyèj la dirèk : « yon enfòmasyon », « twa konsèy », « yon mèb », « bagaj yo » konte san pwoblèm an kreyòl. Epi paske kreyòl la pa mete -s sou non yo apre yon chif (twa konsèy), ou pa gen refleks pou wè ke advice pa pran chif.
Gwoup la se yon reyalite sou mo angle a, se pa sou mond lan. Yon « konsèy » oswa yon « mèb » konte trè byen pa sans yo — angle senpleman refize konte yo. Pa gen lojik ou ka retounen sou li pa rezònman : se yon lis ou aprann pa kè.
Kijan pou konte sa ki pa ka konte tout menm
Mete devan yon inite mezi — se fason angle kontoune entèdiksyon an :
| Inite | Egzanp |
|---|---|
| a piece of | a piece of advice / information / furniture |
| a bit of | a bit of luck / work |
| a slice / loaf of | a slice of bread |
| a bottle / glass of | a glass of water |
| a bar of | a bar of chocolate |
| an item of | an item of clothing / luggage |
Gen mo ki nan de tip, ak sans diferan
| Ki pa ka konte | Ki ka konte |
|---|---|
| I don't drink coffee. (bwason an an jeneral) | Two coffees, please. (de tas) |
| She has long hair. (cheve yo an jeneral) | There are hairs in my soup. (cheve apa) |
| I need paper. (materyèl la) | I bought a paper. (yon jounal) |
| We don't have time. (tan an an jeneral) | I've been there three times. (fwa) |
| He has experience. (eksperyans kòm konpetans) | It was a strange experience. (yon evènman) |
Hair se yon ka apa pou yon moun ki pale kreyòl : an kreyòl, cheve souvan pran yo tankou yon pliryèl (cheve yo long), pandan hair pa ka konte. Di her hair is long (sengilye), pa her hairs are long.
How much ak how many
- How many + ki ka konte : How many eggs do we need?
- How much + ki pa ka konte : How much milk is left?
Konbyen an kreyòl kouvri toude, menm jan ak anpil (anpil moun, anpil lajan) : fò ou chwazi selon gwoup la.
Some ak any
Some nan afimasyon. Any nan kesyon ak nan fraz negatif.
- I have some money.
- Do you have any money?
- I don't have any money.
Kreyòl la pa gen mo pou sa : li di Mwen gen lajan, Eske ou gen lajan ?, Mwen pa gen lajan san okenn mo devan non an (oswa li di kèk pou sa ki ka konte). An angle, ou bezwen chwazi some oswa any.
Eksepsyon : nan yon kesyon, nou itilize some lè se yon òf oswa yon demann, sa vle di lè nou atann yon repons pozitif :
- Would you like some coffee? (yon òf)
- Could I have some water? (yon demann)
A lot of, much, many
A lot of travay ak de gwoup yo e li sonnen natirèl nan tout kontèks :
a lot of books · a lot of time
Much ak many poukont yo sitou itilize nan kesyon ak nan fraz negatif :
I don't have much time. · Were there many people?
Nan yon afimasyon, much sonnen fòse : pi bon se a lot of time pase much time. Nan yon tèks fòmèl, li vin apwopriye ankò — much of the report deals with… Kreyòl la di anpil pou tout : ❌ I have much books.
A few ak a little
- a few + ki ka konte : a few friends
- a little + ki pa ka konte : a little sugar
Retire a a e sans lan vin negatif : few friends vle di « prèske pa gen zanmi ». Kreyòl la gen menm opozisyon an : kèk zanmi (a few) kont pa gen anpil zanmi (few), yon ti kras sik (a little) kont prèske pa gen sik (little).
Echèl konplè a
| Kantite | Ki ka konte | Ki pa ka konte |
|---|---|---|
| zewo | no books / not any books | no time |
| prèske zewo | few books, hardly any books | little time, hardly any time |
| yon ti kras | a few books | a little time |
| modere | several books | some time |
| anpil | many books, plenty of books | much time, plenty of time |
| twòp | too many books | too much time |
Too many ak too much vle di « plis pase sa nesesè », se pa senpleman « anpil ». There were too many people se yon plent.
Yon kòmand pou de
A: Could I have some water and a few napkins?
B: Of course. Anything to eat?
A: How many pastries are left? We don't have much time.
B: Only a few, I'm afraid. There's plenty of bread, though.
Water, time ak bread pa ka konte, napkins ak pastries ka konte — e chak mo kantite chwazi selon gwoup li.
Teste sa ou fèk li a
Tès ki anba a pote sou bon konbinezon an ak sou règ some/any.