Past simple : pale de sa ki te pase
Fòm regilye ak iregilye pase a, negasyon yo, kesyon yo, ak vèb iregilye pou aprann an premye.
Past simple la dekri aksyon ki fini nan yon tan ki fini : yè, semèn pase, an 2019. Kreyòl la pa chanje vèb la pou pase a : li mete te devan l (Mwen te manje) oswa li kite vèb la nan fòm debaz li si kontèks la montre sa (Yè mwen manje diri). An angle, vèb la menm dwe chanje.
Vèb regilye : nou ajoute -ed
work → worked, play → played, want → wanted
Règ òtograf :
- fini ak -e → nou ajoute -d : like → liked
- konsòn + -y → -ied : study → studied
- vwayèl kout + konsòn → nou double li : stop → stopped
-ed gen twa pwononsyasyon
Òtograf la pa chanje, men son an chanje. Move varyant lan remake touswit e li dekouvri yon moun ki pa pale angle depi li piti.
| Son | Apre kisa | Egzanp |
|---|---|---|
| /t/ | son ki pa vibre : k, p, s, sh, ch, f | worked, stopped, watched |
| /d/ | son ki vibre ak vwayèl | played, called, lived |
| /ɪd/ | sèlman apre t oswa d | wanted, decided, started |
Se sèlman dènye gwoup la ki ajoute yon silab. Worked gen yon silab, pa de ; wanted vrèman gen de. Pèlen an pou yon moun ki pale kreyòl : òtograf kreyòl la fonetik (yon lèt, yon son), kidonk nou tante li -ed kòm yon silab apa (« wor-ked »).
Vèb iregilye
Pa gen règ : fòk nou aprann yo. Sa ki pi souvan yo :
| Debaz | Pase | Debaz | Pase |
|---|---|---|---|
| go | went | give | gave |
| have | had | find | found |
| do | did | think | thought |
| say | said | tell | told |
| see | saw | leave | left |
| take | took | feel | felt |
| come | came | buy | bought |
| make | made | write | wrote |
| get | got | run | ran |
| know | knew | begin | began |
Yon ti gwoup pa chanje ditou : put, cut, let, cost, hit, shut, read. Se sèlman kontèks la ki endike tan an, menm si pou read pwononsyasyon an chanje (/riːd/ → /red/) alòske òtograf la rete menm jan.
Bon nouvèl : fòm pase a se menm pou tout moun, tankou nan kreyòl la (pa gen konjigezon). I went, she went, they went.
Negasyon ak kesyon ak « did »
Isit la, vèb prensipal la retounen nan fòm debaz li : se erè klasik la.
- ✅ I didn't go. (pa « didn't went »)
- ✅ Did you see it? (pa « Did you saw »)
Poukisa fòm debaz la : tout sans pase a deja nan did, e vèb prensipal la pa repete l. Yon sèl makè tan pa fraz.
Menm bagay la ak mo kesyon an : Where did you go? · What did she say?
Men lè sijè a se who oswa what, did disparèt ankò : Who told you? (pa « Who did tell you »)
Was ak were
Vèb be la konpòte l diferan ankò : pa bezwen did.
- I / he / she / it was
- you / we / they were
- I wasn't at home. / Were you there?
Makè tan
Past simple la souvan ale ak yon moman ki fini : yesterday, last night, two days ago, in 2019, when I was a child.
Remake : ago vini apre peryòd tan an : three weeks ago, pa « ago three weeks ». Kreyòl la di sa fè twa semèn oswa gen twa semèn : pa kalke l (❌ it makes three weeks, ❌ have three weeks).
Ki jan pou rakonte yon istwa
Past simple la se baz tout istwa ; past continuous la bay dekò evènman sa yo, e mo ki lye yo gide moun k ap koute a nan evènman yo : first, then, after that, a bit later, in the end.
How was the weekend?
A : We went to the coast on Saturday. The train was late, so we missed the boat.
B : Oh no. What did you do?
A : We waited for two hours, then we found a café and had lunch. In the end it was a nice day.
Tout vèb yo nan past simple, tout evènman yo fini, e did parèt sèlman nan kesyon an.
Teste sa ou konnen
Tès ki anba a vize pèlen « didn't went » la ak diferans ant was/were.