📋En kullanışlı 500 günlük kelime
Sıradan bir günü kapsayan 500 İngilizce kelime — aile, yemek, zaman, sayılar, ev, ulaşım, iş ve temel fiiller. Ücretsiz PDF indirme.
Kelime listeleri genellikle işin zorlaştığı yerde durur: yüz kelime bir konuşmayı taşımaz, ve üç bin kelime öğrenilemez. Beş yüz, sıradan bir günün kapandığı büyüklüktür — yemek almaya, neyin acıdığını açıklamaya, biriyle buluşmayı ayarlamaya, ve ailenizden ve işinizden bahsetmeye yeter.
İşte 500'ü, 17 grupta. Bir grup içinde sıra alfabeyi değil hayatı izler, çünkü alfabetik sıra bir kelimeyi aramak için iyidir ve onu hatırlamak için işe yaramaz. Her grup, bu belirli kelimelerin nerede yanlış gittiğinin kısa versiyonuyla biter.
Tüm listeyi PDF olarak indirin — kullanımlarıyla birlikte 500 kelimenin tümü, on sayfa, yazdırmaya veya telefonunuzda saklamaya hazır. Ücretsiz, ve kaydolacak hiçbir şey yok.
Bu listeyi nasıl kullanmalı
- Baştan sona okumayın. Bir seferde bir grup alın — bu birkaç günlük iştir. On yedi grup, haftada bir, dört ay eder ve tüm liste biter.
- Kelime değil, çift öğrenin. drink coffee, go home, catch the bus, coffee, home, bus'tan daha iyi yapışır, ve ağzınızdan bütün olarak çıkarlar. Buradaki her girdinin çıplak bir tanım yerine gerçek bir kullanımın yanında oturmasının nedeni de budur.
- Kendinizi cümlelerle test edin. Bir listede tanıdığınız bir kelime henüz öğrenilmemiştir; öğrenilmiş olan, ihtiyaç duyduğunuzda kendiliğinden gelen kelimedir.
- Çok kelimeli girdiler — ice cream, thank you, get up, post office — tek bir öğe sayılır, çünkü tek bir birim olarak öğrenilir ve konuşulurlar.
Burada kasıtlı olarak fonetik transkripsiyon yoktur. Sağdaki sütun bir tanım yerine gerçek bir kullanım verir, ve çifti yüksek sesle okumak telaffuzu ve dilbilgisini bir arada öğretir.
Listede ne var
On yedi grup — ihtiyacınız olana atlayın, veya baştan sona çalışın:
- İnsanlar ve aile — 28 kelime
- Vücut, sağlık ve doktor — 26 kelime
- Ev ve içindeki şeyler — 36 kelime
- Yemek ve içecek — 40 kelime
- Giysiler — 18 kelime
- Zaman, günler ve rutin — 34 kelime
- Sayılar — 24 kelime
- Hava durumu, mevsimler ve doğa — 22 kelime
- Bir kasabadaki yerler — 26 kelime
- Ulaşım — 22 kelime
- İş ve çalışma — 26 kelime
- Para ve alışveriş — 22 kelime
- Telefon, internet ve cihazlar — 16 kelime
- Temel fiiller — 60 kelime
- Sıfatlar — 38 kelime
- İşlev kelimeleri: zamirler, sorular, edatlar — 46 kelime
- Kibar kelimeler ve kısa ifadeler — 16 kelime
1. İnsanlar ve aile (28 kelime)
| Kelime | Tipik kullanım |
|---|---|
| mother | my mother's name |
| father | my father works here |
| parents | I live with my parents |
| son | their son is five |
| daughter | our daughter Anna |
| child | a small child |
| children | we have two children |
| brother | my older brother |
| sister | my little sister |
| baby | a new baby |
| husband | her husband is a driver |
| wife | his wife works at a bank |
| family | a big family |
| grandmother | visit my grandmother |
| grandfather | my grandfather's house |
| aunt | my aunt Ann |
| uncle | my uncle's car |
| cousin | my cousin from Almaty |
| friend | my best friend |
| man | a young man |
| woman | the woman over there |
| boy | a boy at our school |
| girl | a little girl |
| people | a lot of people |
| person | one person only |
| neighbour | our new neighbour |
| guest | we have guests today |
| name | what's your name? |
People zaten çoğuldur: people are waiting. Tek biri için person, birden fazlası için people kullanın — persons sadece duyurularda ve hukuki metinde hayatta kalır. Eş tarafından akrabalar -in-law alır: mother-in-law, brother-in-law.
2. Vücut, sağlık ve doktor (26 kelime)
| Kelime | Tipik kullanım |
|---|---|
| head | my head hurts |
| face | wash your face |
| eye | blue eyes |
| ear | my ears are cold |
| nose | a red nose |
| mouth | open your mouth |
| tooth | brush your teeth |
| hair | long dark hair |
| hand | wash your hands |
| arm | a broken arm |
| leg | my legs are tired |
| foot | on foot |
| finger | cut my finger |
| back | my back hurts |
| stomach | an empty stomach |
| heart | a strong heart |
| skin | dry skin |
| body | the human body |
| doctor | see a doctor |
| nurse | ask the nurse |
| medicine | take this medicine |
| pain | a pain in my back |
| cough | a bad cough |
| fever | she has a fever |
| ill | I feel ill |
| hurt | my leg hurts |
Hand bilekte durur ve arm tüm uzuvdur, ve foot ile leg aynı şekilde ayrılır. Tooth ve foot çoğulda düzensizdir: teeth, feet. Ağrıyı bildirmenin iki yolu: my back hurts veya I have a pain in my back.
3. Ev ve içindeki şeyler (36 kelime)
| Kelime | Tipik kullanım |
|---|---|
| house | a small house |
| home | I'm going home |
| flat | a flat on the third floor |
| room | a room with a window |
| kitchen | cook in the kitchen |
| bedroom | two bedrooms |
| bathroom | the bathroom is upstairs |
| living room | sit in the living room |
| door | close the door |
| window | open the window |
| wall | a photo on the wall |
| floor | the second floor |
| stairs | go up the stairs |
| garden | sit in the garden |
| key | my house keys |
| table | put it on the table |
| chair | sit on this chair |
| bed | go to bed |
| sofa | a soft sofa |
| lamp | turn on the lamp |
| light | turn off the light |
| fridge | milk in the fridge |
| cooker | a gas cooker |
| sink | wash it in the sink |
| shower | have a shower |
| toilet | where is the toilet? |
| towel | a clean towel |
| soap | wash with soap |
| mirror | look in the mirror |
| cup | a cup of tea |
| plate | a plate of rice |
| glass | a glass of water |
| spoon | eat with a spoon |
| fork | a fork and a knife |
| knife | a sharp knife |
| bottle | a bottle of water |
Home aynı zamanda bir zarf olarak da işler — go home, edat yok — house ise bir tane tutar: go to the house. İngiliz flat, Amerikan apartment'tır. Odalar in alır: in the kitchen.
4. Yemek ve içecek (40 kelime)
| Kelime | Tipik kullanım |
|---|---|
| food | buy some food |
| water | a glass of water |
| bread | fresh bread |
| milk | milk in my coffee |
| tea | a cup of tea |
| coffee | black coffee |
| juice | orange juice |
| sugar | no sugar, thanks |
| salt | pass the salt |
| egg | two eggs |
| cheese | bread and cheese |
| butter | butter on my bread |
| meat | I don't eat meat |
| chicken | chicken and rice |
| fish | fresh fish |
| rice | a bowl of rice |
| pasta | pasta with tomatoes |
| potato | potatoes and meat |
| tomato | a red tomato |
| onion | cut an onion |
| vegetable | fresh vegetables |
| fruit | fruit and vegetables |
| apple | a green apple |
| banana | a banana a day |
| orange | an orange, please |
| soup | hot soup |
| salad | a green salad |
| sandwich | a cheese sandwich |
| cake | a piece of cake |
| ice cream | ice cream for the kids |
| chocolate | a bar of chocolate |
| breakfast | have breakfast |
| lunch | lunch at one |
| dinner | dinner at seven |
| meal | three meals a day |
| menu | can I see the menu? |
| snack | a quick snack |
| bill | can we have the bill? |
| hungry | I'm hungry |
| thirsty | are you thirsty? |
Bread, water, rice, meat ve cheese sayılamazdır: some bread, asla a bread değil. Porsiyonlar of ile gelir: a glass of water, a cup of tea, a piece of cake. Britanya'da the bill, ABD'de the check istersiniz.
5. Giysiler (18 kelime)
| Kelime | Tipik kullanım |
|---|---|
| clothes | warm clothes |
| shirt | a white shirt |
| T-shirt | a black T-shirt |
| trousers | blue trousers |
| jeans | old jeans |
| dress | a summer dress |
| skirt | a long skirt |
| jacket | take your jacket |
| coat | a warm coat |
| shoes | new shoes |
| socks | clean socks |
| hat | wear a hat |
| scarf | a wool scarf |
| gloves | winter gloves |
| belt | a leather belt |
| size | what size are you? |
| in my pocket | |
| umbrella | take an umbrella |
Clothes, trousers, jeans, shoes ve gloves her zaman çoğuldur: my trousers are new. Onları çift olarak sayın: a pair of shoes. Giysileri wear edersiniz (bir durum) ve put on edersiniz (bir eylem).
6. Zaman, günler ve rutin (34 kelime)
| Kelime | Tipik kullanım |
|---|---|
| time | what time is it? |
| day | a busy day |
| week | next week |
| month | last month |
| year | this year |
| hour | in an hour |
| minute | wait a minute |
| second | just a second |
| today | I'm free today |
| tomorrow | see you tomorrow |
| yesterday | I saw her yesterday |
| morning | in the morning |
| afternoon | this afternoon |
| evening | in the evening |
| night | at night |
| now | I'm busy now |
| soon | see you soon |
| later | I'll call you later |
| early | I got up early |
| late | don't be late |
| always | she's always late |
| never | I never drink coffee |
| sometimes | sometimes I walk |
| often | we often meet |
| usually | I usually work at home |
| again | say it again |
| already | I've already eaten |
| still | she's still here |
| yet | not ready yet |
| weekend | at the weekend |
| holiday | a week's holiday |
| birthday | happy birthday! |
| clock | the clock on the wall |
| o'clock | at six o'clock |
Günler ve aylar büyük harfle başlar: Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday, Friday, Saturday, Sunday; January, February, March, April, May, June, July, August, September, October, November, December.
Edatlar büyüklüğe göre ayrılır: saat için at (at six), günler için on (on Monday), aylar, yıllar ve günün bölümleri için in (in July, in the morning). Bütün olarak öğrenilen bir istisna: at night.
7. Sayılar (24 kelime)
| Kelime | Tipik kullanım |
|---|---|
| zero | zero degrees |
| one | one ticket, please |
| two | two coffees |
| three | three days |
| four | four people |
| five | five minutes |
| six | six o'clock |
| seven | seven days a week |
| eight | eight hours |
| nine | nine euros |
| ten | ten minutes |
| eleven | eleven years old |
| twelve | twelve months |
| twenty | twenty people |
| thirty | thirty minutes |
| fifty | fifty euros |
| hundred | two hundred |
| thousand | a thousand words |
| million | a million people |
| number | my phone number |
| first | the first time |
| last | the last bus |
| half | half an hour |
| twice | twice a week |
13–19 arası -teen ile biter (thirteen … nineteen) ve onluklar -ty ile (forty, sixty, eighty) — konuşmada, thirteen'ı thirty'den ayıran tek şey vurgudur. Sıra sayıları düzensiz açılır (first, second, third) ve sonra -th alır. Hundred ve thousand, bir sayıdan sonra tekil kalır: two hundred.
8. Hava durumu, mevsimler ve doğa (22 kelime)
| Kelime | Tipik kullanım |
|---|---|
| weather | nice weather today |
| sun | the sun is out |
| rain | rain all day |
| snow | snow in winter |
| wind | a strong wind |
| cloud | dark clouds |
| sky | a blue sky |
| ice | ice on the road |
| storm | a big storm |
| spring | in spring |
| summer | last summer |
| autumn | autumn is cold here |
| winter | a long winter |
| tree | an old tree |
| flower | buy some flowers |
| river | swim in the river |
| sea | by the sea |
| mountain | high mountains |
| forest | walk in the forest |
| animal | wild animals |
| dog | walk the dog |
| cat | feed the cat |
Hava durumu boş özne it alır: it's raining, it's cold today. Mevsimler in alır: in summer, in winter. Amerikan İngilizcesi, İngiliz İngilizcesinin autumn dediği yere fall der.
9. Bir kasabadaki yerler (26 kelime)
| Kelime | Tipik kullanım |
|---|---|
| place | a good place to eat |
| city | a big city |
| town | a small town |
| village | a village near the river |
| street | live on this street |
| road | cross the road |
| shop | the shop is closed |
| supermarket | go to the supermarket |
| market | buy fruit at the market |
| restaurant | a good restaurant |
| café | meet at the café |
| hotel | stay at a hotel |
| hospital | take him to hospital |
| pharmacy | the pharmacy on the corner |
| bank | the bank opens at nine |
| post office | send it from the post office |
| park | walk in the park |
| museum | visit a museum |
| cinema | go to the cinema |
| library | books from the library |
| church | an old church |
| centre | the city centre |
| address | what's your address? |
| map | look at the map |
| corner | on the corner |
| building | a tall building |
At sizi bir noktaya koyar (at the shop), in sizi içine koyar (in the park), ve köşeler on alır: on the corner. İngiliz shop, Amerikan store'dur, ve bir İngiliz pharmacy'si genellikle chemist's'tir.
10. Ulaşım (22 kelime)
| Kelime | Tipik kullanım |
|---|---|
| car | come by car |
| bus | take the bus |
| train | the train to Rome |
| plane | miss the plane |
| taxi | call a taxi |
| bike | ride a bike |
| metro | the metro is faster |
| ticket | two tickets, please |
| station | meet me at the station |
| airport | get to the airport |
| passport | show your passport |
| suitcase | a heavy suitcase |
| seat | is this seat free? |
| driver | ask the driver |
| trip | a short trip |
| way | the way to the station |
| left | turn left |
| right | on your right |
| straight | go straight on |
| stop | the next stop |
| platform | platform three |
| flight | a two-hour flight |
Ulaşım araçları edatsız by alır — by bus, by car, by train — ama yürümek on foot'tur. Belirli bir sefer take alır: take the 8 o'clock train. Yönler: turn left, turn right, go straight on.
11. İş ve çalışma (26 kelime)
| Kelime | Tipik kullanım |
|---|---|
| work | I'm at work |
| job | a new job |
| office | come to the office |
| boss | ask your boss |
| colleague | a colleague of mine |
| meeting | I'm in a meeting |
| company | a small company |
| teacher | my English teacher |
| student | a good student |
| school | the kids are at school |
| university | study at university |
| class | the class starts at ten |
| lesson | an English lesson |
| homework | do your homework |
| exam | pass the exam |
| book | read a book |
| pen | write with a pen |
| pencil | a sharp pencil |
| paper | a sheet of paper |
| notebook | write it in your notebook |
| question | ask a question |
| answer | the right answer |
| word | a new word |
| language | learn a language |
| English | speak English |
| salary | a good salary |
Work, yer anlamına geldiğinde edatı düşürür: I'm at work, go to work. Job sayılabilirdir ve pozisyon anlamına gelir: a new job. Kurumlar da çıplak gider: at university (ABD: at college).
12. Para ve alışveriş (22 kelime)
| Kelime | Tipik kullanım |
|---|---|
| money | I don't have much money |
| price | the price is too high |
| cash | pay in cash |
| card | pay by card |
| change | keep the change |
| receipt | can I have a receipt? |
| discount | a ten percent discount |
| sale | the shoes are on sale |
| customer | a regular customer |
| bag | a plastic bag |
| box | a box of tea |
| cheap | a cheap hotel |
| expensive | too expensive for me |
| free | the coffee is free |
| queue | stand in the queue |
| shopping | do the shopping |
| wallet | I left my wallet at home |
| coin | a one-euro coin |
| note | a fifty-euro note |
| order | order a taxi |
| basket | put it in the basket |
| delivery | free delivery |
Money sayılamazdır: much money, a lot of money, asla moneys değil. Bir fiyatı how much is it? veya how much does it cost? ile sorun. Edat yönteme göre değişir: pay by card ama pay in cash.
13. Telefon, internet ve cihazlar (16 kelime)
| Kelime | Tipik kullanım |
|---|---|
| phone | answer the phone |
| computer | work on the computer |
| laptop | my laptop is slow |
| internet | no internet here |
| send me an email | |
| message | I got your message |
| password | forget my password |
| app | download the app |
| screen | look at the screen |
| camera | the camera on my phone |
| photo | take a photo |
| TV | watch TV |
| website | visit our website |
| file | send the file |
| charger | forget my charger |
| online | buy it online |
Birini doğrudan call veya phone edersiniz — asla call to me değil. Message iki nesne alır: send me a message. Şeyler internette on ve telefonunuzda on olur.
14. Temel fiiller (60 kelime)
| Kelime | Tipik kullanım |
|---|---|
| be | I am a student |
| have | I have two sisters |
| do | what do you do? |
| go | go to work |
| come | come here |
| get | get a ticket |
| make | make coffee |
| take | take the bus |
| give | give me the key |
| want | I want to go home |
| need | I need help |
| like | I like this city |
| love | I love this song |
| know | I know her |
| think | I think you're right |
| say | say something |
| tell | tell me the truth |
| ask | ask a question |
| see | I can see the sea |
| look | look at this |
| watch | watch a film |
| hear | I can't hear you |
| listen | listen to music |
| speak | speak English |
| talk | can we talk? |
| read | read a book |
| write | write your name |
| eat | eat breakfast |
| drink | drink water |
| sleep | sleep eight hours |
| wake up | wake up at seven |
| get up | get up early |
| wash | wash your hands |
| understand | I don't understand |
| study | study English |
| learn | learn new words |
| teach | she teaches maths |
| play | play football |
| run | run for the bus |
| walk | walk to work |
| sit | sit here |
| stand | stand near the door |
| open | open the window |
| close | close the door |
| start | start at nine |
| finish | finish work at six |
| help | help me, please |
| wait | wait for me |
| meet | meet a friend |
| live | live in Astana |
| stay | stay at home |
| leave | leave at eight |
| arrive | arrive in the evening |
| buy | buy some milk |
| sell | sell a car |
| pay | pay by card |
| cook | cook dinner |
| call | call me tomorrow |
| drive | drive to work |
| use | use my phone |
Bu altmış tanesi gündelik konuşmanın çoğunu taşır. Geçmiş biçimleri büyük ölçüde düzensizdir ve biçimler olarak öğrenilmelidir: go → went, have → had, see → saw, take → took, buy → bought, make → made, give → gave. Birçoğu bir edattan ayrılmazdır — fiili değil çifti öğrenin: listen to music, wait for me, look at this, ask for help.
15. Sıfatlar (38 kelime)
| Kelime | Tipik kullanım |
|---|---|
| good | a good idea |
| bad | bad weather |
| big | a big city |
| small | a small flat |
| new | a new phone |
| old | an old house; he's ten years old |
| young | a young teacher |
| long | a long day |
| short | a short walk |
| high | a high price |
| low | a low table |
| hot | hot water |
| cold | cold weather |
| warm | a warm coat |
| happy | a happy child |
| sad | a sad film |
| angry | don't be angry |
| tired | I'm tired |
| nice | a nice place |
| beautiful | a beautiful city |
| easy | an easy question |
| difficult | a difficult word |
| fast | a fast train |
| slow | slow internet |
| strong | strong coffee |
| weak | a weak signal |
| clean | clean clothes |
| dirty | dirty shoes |
| full | the bus is full |
| empty | an empty room |
| far | is it far? |
| wrong | the wrong number |
| same | the same day |
| different | a different answer |
| important | an important call |
| ready | are you ready? |
| busy | I'm busy today |
| funny | a funny story |
Sıfatlar isimden önce oturur ve asla çoğul almaz: a new phone, new phones. Kısa olanlar -er/-est ile karşılaştırılır (older, the oldest), uzun olanlar more/most ile (more important). Yaş, yaş ne olursa olsun old kullanır: she's three years old.
16. İşlev kelimeleri: zamirler, sorular, edatlar (46 kelime)
| Kelime | Tipik kullanım |
|---|---|
| I | I live here |
| you | you know him |
| he | he works at home |
| she | she is a doctor |
| it | it is cold today |
| we | we are friends |
| they | they live in Almaty |
| my | my phone |
| your | your turn |
| his | his car |
| her | her name |
| their | their house |
| this | this book |
| that | that man over there |
| these | these days |
| those | those people |
| what | what is this? |
| where | where do you live? |
| when | when does it start? |
| who | who is she? |
| why | why not? |
| how | how are you? |
| which | which one? |
| in | in the kitchen |
| on | on the table |
| at | at home; at six |
| to | go to work |
| from | from Monday |
| with | with milk |
| for | for you |
| of | a cup of tea |
| about | talk about work |
| under | under the table |
| between | between two and three |
| and | bread and butter |
| but | small but nice |
| or | tea or coffee? |
| because | because it's late |
| if | if you want |
| so | it's late, so let's go |
| some | some water |
| any | any questions? |
| all | all day |
| many | many people |
| very | very good |
| not | it's not here |
Bunlar nadiren birebir çevrilir — bir cümleyi bir arada tutan şey onlardır. İngilizce bir özne ısrar eder (it is cold, asla is cold değil) ve sorularda devrilir: where do you live? Yanlarına much (sayılamazlarla), more, too, also ve only ekleyin: aynı şekilde davranırlar.
17. Kibar kelimeler ve kısa ifadeler (16 kelime)
| Kelime | Tipik kullanım |
|---|---|
| hello | hello, how are you? |
| hi | hi, it's me |
| goodbye | goodbye, see you |
| please | two tickets, please |
| thank you | thank you very much |
| sorry | sorry, I'm late |
| excuse me | excuse me, where is the station? |
| yes | yes, of course |
| no | no, thanks |
| OK | OK, let's go |
| welcome | welcome to Astana |
| congratulations | congratulations on your exam |
| good luck | good luck tomorrow |
| of course | of course you can |
| maybe | maybe later |
| see you | see you on Monday |
Buradaki birkaç girdi tek bir kelime yerine kalıplaşmış ifadelerdir, ve bütün olarak öğrenilirler. Excuse me, birini rahatsız etmeden önce gelir; sorry sonrasında gelir. Please genellikle sona iner: two tickets, please.
Bırakmadan 500 kelimeyi nasıl bitirirsiniz
Beş yüz kelime, onları sayarken bir dağ gibi görünür. Bunun yerine grupları sayın: on yedi tane var, ve her biri bir günün tanınabilir bir parçasını kapatır. Yemek ve içecek bir dükkan ve bir kafedir; vücut, sağlık ve doktor, baştan sona bir randevudur.
İşe yarayan sıra:
- Bir grup alın ve zaten bildiğinizi çizin. Genellikle üçte biri hayatta kalır — ve dağ üçte iki küçülür.
- Kalanlardan kendi gününüz hakkında beş cümle kurun. Bir ders kitabının değil, sizin gününüz.
- Bir gün sonra geri dönün ve o beş cümleyi bakmadan söyleyin. Geri gelmeyen her şey haftanın gerçek listenizdir.
Buradan, temaya göre gidin: aile, ev ve gündelik rutin ev hayatını daha ayrıntılı kapsar, sayılar, zaman ve fiyatlar bir gezinin gerektirdiğini kapsar, ve yemek, pişirme ve dışarıda yemek sizi bir masada sipariş vermeye kadar götürür.
Kendinizi test edin
Aşağıdaki test, gruplardan kelimeler alır ve onları kısa, sıradan cümlelere yerleştirir — listenin artık size ipucu veremediği yerde.